What is Research?

Research is making logical and methodical inferences from accurate data. It, naturally, involves phases viz. hypothesis, inquiry, data collection, analysis, verification, generalization and the openings for falsification. The rules and phases may vary from discipline to discipline, even within the braches of the same discipline. However, the general pattern is more or less the same.

Research in any discipline requires some kind of analysis, interpretation and an opinion from the researcher. Thus it can be said to be
 

•     A search for truth
•     Based on empirical or observable data
•     Scientific study in order to establish facts.
•     The goal is Theory Building
•     Universal applicability
•     Researcher is a beggar par excellence!
•     It should be verifiable

    Research can be classified as theoretical, applied and action oriented. It can be descriptive or analytic/conceptual or empirical/ quantitative or qualitative. Research must follow some scientific methods like identifying the problem, naming the problem, formulating hypothesis, searching for evidence, testing hypothesis and generalization. A hypothesis is a prediction of a relationship between one or more factors and the problem under study that can be tested. It is a tentative statement showing the relationship between two or more variables, the reliability and validity of which is to be tested and verified. A variable is an empirical property that takes two or more values. Anything that can vary can be considered a variable. In short research is a scientific procedure to test and verify the hypothesis using modern techniques.

    Steps in Research work:
 

•     Choose the topic
•     Narrow down the topic
•     Formulate a genuine question which your data will address
•     Frame work your research
•     Search for references and select bibliography
•     Prepare notes
•     Prepare bibliography cards for the notes
•     Categorize your notes
•     Test hypothesis
•     Building a theory
•     Verify that all of your data directly relate to your thesis
•     Write a detailed outline
•     Learn the rules for using quotation
•     Learn the rules for using footnotes
•     Learn to write a bibliography

    Show credits to other writers and researchers you are using as source.
    Edit your first draft: repositioning sentences and paragraphs, adding and deleting material to improve your thesis
    Complete the final copy of the research paper


Q.The conclusions of a research paper should be
 

1.     Enjoyable
2.     Justifiable
3.     Interesting
4.     Full of wisdom

Q.Everything written in a research papershould be
 

1.     Agreeable
2.     Proper
3.     Based on Analysis
4.     Correct as per rules

Q.It’s the ethical duty of a researcher to get their results published somewhere. This is called
 

1.     getting recognition
2.     dissemination of reserch
3.     helping other researchers
4.     public service

Q.What is the variable called in anexperiment, that is manipulated by the researcher?
 

1.     stimulus
2.     dependent
3.     independent
4.     controll

Q.The term commonly used by researchersto describe negligent or reckless distortionof the evidence in research, would be

    fraud
    biased
    cutting corners
    all the above

Q. What is the variable called in anexperiment, that is manipulated by the researcher
 

1.     normative studies
2.     survey
3.     experimental study
4.     fact finding study

Q.A researcher wants to study the future of a political party in India. The best method tdo this would be.

    interview
    survey
    regression analysis
    all the above

Q.If a researcher deliberately inserts bogus conclusions into the research, it would bestbe termed as
 

1.     biased
2.     bogus
3.     negligence
4.     fraud

Q.Objectivity in research can be achieved if the researcher is
 

1.     impartial
2.     learned person
3.     sticks to rules
4.     open to suggestions
    

Q.The quality of research depends upon the

1.     Facilities available
2.     Quality of data
3.     Technical support
4.     Dedication of the researcher

Q.Which of the following is not a requisit of a hypothesis
 

1.     It should be conceivable
2.     It should be based on facts
3.     It should be cotradict with existing knowledge
4.     It should be rational
    

Q.An academic association assembled at one place to discuss the progress of its work and future plans, Which is called

1.     seminar
2.     conference
3.     symposium
4.     workshop

Q.A researcher is expected to:
 

1.     formulate new theory
2.     read all literature concerned
3.     evaluate the finding
4.     analyse and synthesis ideas of others

Q.The first question that a researcher interested in the application for statistical techniques to his problem has to ask

1.  
2.     whether the date could be quantified
3.     whether appropriate stastical techniques are available
4.     whether analysis of data would be possible
5.     whether worthwhile inferences could be drawn

Q.Research is done for
 

1.     improving qualification
2.     adding to one's reputation
3.     getting promotion
4.     adding to existing knowledge

Q.A good research begins with

1.     an original data
2.     preparation of the plan and design for the study
3.     study of relevant research methodology
4.     study of previous research

Q.One of the essential characteristic of research is:
 

1.     Objectivity
2.     Replicability
3.     Usability
4.     Generalisabilty